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eirene (1515) "occurs in each of the books of the NT, save 1 John and save in <Acts 7:26> [`(at) one again'] it is translated "peace" in the RV. It describes (a) harmonious relationships between men, <Matt. 10:34; Rom. 14:19>; (b) between nations, <Luke 14:32; Acts 12:20; Rev. 6:4>; (c) friendliness, <Acts 15:33; 1 Cor. 16:11; Heb. 11:31>; (d) freedom from molestation, <Luke 11:21; 19:42; Acts 9:31> (RV, `peace,' KJV, `rest'); <16:36>; (e) order, in the State, <Acts 24:2> (RV, `peace,' KJV, `quietness'); in the churches, <1 Cor. 14:33>; (f) the harmonized relationships between God and man, accomplished through the gospel, <Acts 10:36; Eph. 2:17>; (g) the sense of rest and contentment consequent thereon, <Matt. 10:13; Mark 5:34; Luke 1:79; 2:29; John 14:27; Rom. 1:7; 3:17; 8:6>; in certain passages this idea is not distinguishable from the last, <Rom. 5:1>."
From Notes on Thessalonians by Hogg and Vine, p. 154.
"The God of peace" is a title used in <Rom. 15:33; 16:20; Phil. 4:9; 1 Thes. 5:23; Heb. 13:20>; cf. <1 Cor. 14:33; 2 Cor. 13:11>. The corresponding Heb. word shalom primarily signifies "wholeness": see its use in <Josh. 8:31>, "unhewn"; <Ruth 2:12>, "full"; <Neh. 6:15>, "finished"; <Isa. 42:19>, marg., "made perfect." Hence there is a close connection between the title in <1 Thes. 5:23> and the word holokleros, "entire," in that verse. In the Sept. shalom is often rendered by soteria, "salvation, e. g., <Gen. 26:31; 41:16>; hence the "peace-offering" is called the "salvation offering." Cf. <Luke 7:50; 8:48>. In <2 Thes. 3:16>, the title "the Lord of peace" is best understood as referring to the Lord Jesus. In <Acts 7:26>, "would have set them at one" is, lit., "was reconciling them (conative imperfect tense, expressing an earnest effort) into peace."
(from Vine's Expository Dictionary of Biblical Words)
(Copyright (C) 1985, Thomas Nelson Publishers)
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